Forming molds for castings



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S. J. ADAMS.

FORMING MOLDS FOR cA-strmes.

No. 257,992. Patented May 16, 1-882.

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S. J. ADAMS..

FORMING MOLDS FOR GASTINGS.

No. 257,992. Patented May16, 1882.

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UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.-

S. JARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FORMING MOLD-SVFOR QASTINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Piatent No.'257,992, dated May 16, 1882.

Application filed June 8, 1881. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, S. JARVIS ADAMS, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and use ful Improvement in Forming Molds for Gastings, and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central section of the apparatus employed in carrying'out myinvention before it enters the sand to form the mold. Fig. 2 is a like view where the mold has been formed and the apparatus is ready to be withdrawn.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

My invention relates to the formation of molds in sand for making castings of iron,

' steel, or other metals, its object being to so press the pattern and the templet-plate or follower into the sand as to obtain a more evenly" packed mold than by the usual pressing op eration. I

It consists, first, in forming cylindrical molds in a body of sand by first forcing the pattern into the sand by direct compression longitudi nally of its axis, and subsequentlyrotating the pattern so forced in circumferentially of its axis, this rotationof the pattern, while wholly encompassed with the sand, serving to smooth or finish the mold-walls; second, in forming the pattern witha-hollowcentral passage,-

through which a portion of the sand passes as the pattern is pressed in, so that the pattern does. not have so large a mass of sandito press aside; and, third, in certain improvements in the construction of the apparatus employed.

To enable'others skilled in the art to carry out my invention, I will describe the same,

plet-plate A,through which the pattern works,

is mounted on suitable guide-rods, 12, secured in the frame B of the apparatus by means of the sleeves 0, attached to the top of the templet-plate, the exact vertical movement of the templet-plate being thus secured. In the center of the templet-plate is the opening a, through which the pattern passes to form the mold.

The pattern D shown is in two parts-the pattern proper, d, for pressing the mold the proper shape for the casting to be made, and the coreprint below the mold, and the annular cope-head c, for pressing the cope-print or seat for the head of the core above the mold.

The pattern proper, d, is arranged to move through the cope-head c, and the cope-head has a like movement through the passage on of the templet-plate, so that the pattern proper can first be advanced when the sand is loose and easily penetrated, and afterward the copehead can follow to compact the sand against the pattern proper in the upper part of the mold, while the templet-plate is afterwardv pressed forward to compact the sand around the cope-head of the pattern, as well as pack shownthe pattern is formed with a central passage, f, extending longitudinally through it, through which a portion of the sand may rise or pass as the pattern is pressed into the sand, so that the pattern is not required to press so large a mass of sand aside. lhis central passage may be made almost as large in diameter as the base of the core-print d, the walls of this core-print being formed of thin sheet metal. In the central passage, f, are formed two or more longitudinal ridges, depressions, or other irregularities, g, which extend out from or into the surface of the passage, so as to hold the sand which rises in the passage as the pattern is pressed in. If desired, also, a wire, h, may extend across the 7 lower end of the passage to sustain the sand in the passage and act as a cut-off, as hereinafter referred to. Where the pattern is formed in one piece similar openings may be formed in the horizontal part of the patterns-such as at the base of the cope-heads--to permit a portion of the sand to enter the pattern, and these parts of the mold could be smoothed off on the revolution of the pattern, as hereinafter described.

The lower face of the cope-head e is preferably curved downward as it extends out from the pattern proper, so as to form an annular downwardly extending lip, e, which has the tendency to press the sand inwardly against the pattern proper, and so compact the upper walls of the mold.

Around the opening a of the lemplebplate is formed a guide-ring, 70, within which the cope-head extension lmoves, the upper part of the guide-ring being hollowed out for the reception of the annular lip m on the extension 1, the lip forming a telescopic joint between the extension and guide-ring. The vertical movement of the cope-head of the pattern is insured by the arms 1 extending out from the extension, the sleeves Z of which fit around the guide-rods b.

The pattern proper, 07, extends through the cope-head and its extension, and slides vertically therein. The upper part ofthe cope-head extension Zis hollowed out for the reception of the annular lip n, which forms a telescopic connection between the cope-head and pattern proper. When the pattern is formed in one piece but one telescopic joint between the pattern and templet-plate is required.

The apparatus isoperated by the cam or eccentric P, mounted on the horizontalshaft p, the yoke 1" of the cam being connected to the top of the pattern D, and the cam being turned by hand or steam power, as desired.

Where the mold is circular in cross-section, as in pipe-welding balls, it is desirable that the mold be smoothed after the entrance of the pattern. To accomplish this I form a swiveljoint, 8, between the camyoke and pattern and secure an arm, t, to the upper part of the pattern, by means of which arm a partial revolu-' tion can be imparted to the pattern.

. The molding apparatus above described is operated in the following manner: The flask U is filled with sand, and the sand is lightly and uniformly compacted therein by the patent jarring process. It is then placed under the apparatus, so that the templet-plate will fit within the side of the flask. Upon the movement of the cam P it first forces the pattern down into the sand, which, as it is rather loose, will permit thepattern to enter more easily. If the pattern is formed in two parts, as shown, the annular lip n, on the pattern proper, d, com- -in g to the base of the telescopic joint, carries forward the cope-head e and presses it into the sand above the pattern proper. As the pattern proper and cope-head are advanced the downwardly-curved lip e of the cope-head presses the sand inwardly against the sides of vanced as far as it extends beyond the templetplate by means of the annular lip m striking the base of the telescopic joint, it then carries the templet-plate forward with it, and this plate presses the sanddown around the pattern, compacting the upper part of the mold, and, if desired, forming the pouring-gates therein by means of the ridges a on its lower surface. Where a pattern with a central passage, f, is employed, the sand rises within the passage,so that the pattern has not so large an amount of sand to press aside and can enter more easily. Where a pattern for forming cylindrical molds is employed,- I impart to the pattern a partial revolution, by means of the arm t, in order to sleek or polish the sides of the mold and give a more perfect finish to it.

I have described means for imparting but a partial rotation to the pattern; but it is evident that the same result would be ob tained by the rotation of the pattern, whether turned but part way or for several revolutions, and both are considered within my invention. This partial rotation of the pattern also serves to cut off the sand which has risen in the central passage, f, during the pressing operation by means of the longitudinal ridges, depressions, or irregularities g, which hold the sand so that it turns with the pattern, and is lifted out when the pattern is withdrawn, the wire or knife across the base of the pattern also serving to cut ed the sand and support it when the pattern is lifted out. Though the irregularitieson the face of the central passage materially aid in supportingthe sand when the pattern is withdrawn, they may in some cases be dispensed with, as the damp sand compressed in thepassage will be supported byit without suchirregularities To withdraw the apparatus the rotation of the eccentric P is continued, and it then draws out the pattern D,-(the pattern proper, (i, being lifted first if it is in two parts, the cope-head being lifted next by the telescopic joint,) and the templet-plate being lifted by the telescopic templet-plate into the sand, and the apparatus operated in substantially the same manner as above described. enters the central passage of the pattern may In this case the sand which I either fall through the passage or be withdrawn by the pattern.

By my improved apparatus molds which are firmly packed and perfect in finish can be rapidly formed.

By first advancing the pattern into the sand and then rotating it when encompassed with the sand as above described, in forming cylin drical molds, I am enabled to smooth or polish the mold-surface in two difi'erent directions-longitudinally of its axis as the pattern is forced in, and circumferentially of its axis on the rotation of the pattern. Where nests of patterns are'arranged to advance through the same templet-plate, the guide mechanism and telescopic joints need only be formed on a few of the molds.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The method herein described of forming cylindrical molds in abody of sand, consisting in first forcing the pattern into the sand by direct compression longitudinally of its axis, and subsequently rotating the pattern so forced in cireumferentially of its axis to smooth or finish the mold, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A pattern, D, for forming molds in sand by compression, provided with a cope-head, e, for molding the cope-print above the mold, said cope-head havingan annular downwardlyextending lip, e, for compacting the sand at the top of the mold, substantially as set forth.

3. A pattern for forming molds, constructed in two parts, the pattern proper, d, adapted to 3 5 be first advanced into the sand, and the copehe'ad 0, adapted to be afterward advanced, and provided with an annular downwardly-extending lip, e, to compress the sand against the pattern proper, substantially as set forth.

4. Apattern forformin g molds in a solid body of sand by direct compression, provided with a passage extending longitudinally through the pattern,to permit a portion of the sandto enter the pattern as it is pressed into the sand and fall through or be withdrawn by the pattern, substantially as set forth,

5. A pattern for forming molds in sand by V compression, provided with a central passage to permit, a portion of the sand to enter the pattern, said central passage having an irregular face to hold the sand, substantially as and for the purposes-set forth.

6. In machines for'forming molds in sand by compression, the combination of the pattern D, templet-plate A, and cam P, or equivalent power apparatus, the pattern and templetplate being so connected by a telescopic joint that both are advanced and retracted by the movement'oi' the power apparatus, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said S. JARVIS ADAMS, have hereunto set my hand.

S. JARVIS ADAMS.

Witnesses:

H. B. BRUNOT, JAMES I. KAY. 

